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This article explores the advantages of brushless motors and stepper motors when used to drive peristaltic pumps, which are commonly employed in medical, pharmaceutical, biotech, and diagnostic equipment.
## What is a Peristaltic Pump?
A peristaltic pump, sometimes referred to as a roller pump, moves various fluids by creating mechanical waves of contraction on flexible tubing. The tubing is typically arranged around the motor, which drives the wheels to squeeze and push the liquid through. These pumps are frequently used to move clean/sterile or highly reactive fluids without exposing them to contamination, such as IV fluids, chemicals, or slurries. They are integral components in many medical devices, including blood analyzers. Peristaltic pumps are easier to maintain, more versatile, and more energy-efficient compared to traditional centrifugal pumps. The only part that requires periodic replacement is the flexible tubing. The first peristaltic pump patent was issued in the United States in 1855.
## How Does a Peristaltic Pump Work?
In this example, two wheels are attached to the motor shaft. As the motor rotates, the wheels push a specific volume of liquid through the flexible tubing. This process is known as peristalsis and mirrors the method used in our digestive system. The faster the motor spins, the higher the flow rate.
Here are some factors that can influence the flow rate:
- Tube inner diameter – Larger diameters result in higher flow rates.
- Pump-head outer diameter – Larger diameters increase flow rates.
- Pump-head rotational speed – Higher speeds lead to greater flow rates.
- Inlet pulsation – Pulses reduce the filling volume of the hose.
The motor's precision in executing commands directly affects the accuracy of the flow rate, meaning the chosen motor significantly impacts the pump's output.
## Stepper Motors for Precision in Flow Rate
Stepper motors are renowned for their precise positioning capabilities, making them perfect for fine flow adjustments. Many types are available, and customers appreciate the preassembled encoder option for enhanced quality and convenience. Due to tubing friction, peristaltic pumps require high starting torque. Stepper motors naturally provide high torque at low speeds, but high-torque stepper motors like the PKP Series enable downsizing.
The PKP Series 1.8°/0.9° stepper motors deliver high torque thanks to advancements in technology, such as air gap, magnetic rotor/stator design, and high winding density. Frame sizes range from NEMA 8 (0.79"/20mm) to NEMA 34 (3.35"/85mm). Standard, high-resolution, geared (spur/planetary/harmonic), encoder (TTL/line driver), and electromagnetic brake options are available. For optimal performance, we suggest using our CVD drivers, as they were specifically designed for PKP Series motor windings.
## Brushless Motors for Small Size, High Efficiency, and Low Heat
Brushless motors excel in variable-speed applications that require speed regulation via feedback. These motors are compact, allowing pump designs to be smaller. Additionally, brushless motors produce less heat even during high-speed operation, preventing heat-related issues.
The BLH Series consists of brushless DC motors or gearmotors paired with a dedicated variable-speed driver. Motor sizes range from 15 to 100 watts, with parallel offset shaft, parallel centered shaft, and flat hollow shaft gearhead options. Three driver types offer user control flexibility: analog setting, digital setting, and RS-485 communication type. With the dedicated driver, features like torque limiting and status monitoring are accessible.
## Expanding Motor Capabilities with Gears and Drivers
Adding gears to a motor can significantly boost its output torque through the gear ratio and efficiency. The new CS geared stepper motor provides more permissible torque than the SH geared stepper motor. Radial loads also increase. A wide array of gears is available to accommodate various designs for stepper and brushless motors.
Using dedicated drivers enhances motor performance, ensuring low vibration, positioning accuracy, and speed regulation. Since Oriental Motor's specifications are based on testing both the motor and driver together, we can guarantee our specifications.
## Recap
Stepper motors' high starting torque and stop accuracy make them ideal for precise flow adjustments, while brushless motors offer small size, high efficiency, and low heat. The diverse sizes, types, gear options, and driver lineup from both the PKP Series and BLH Series make them compelling choices for our customers.
Backed by Oriental Motor's reputation for quality and support from dedicated teams, these products represent reliable options in the industry.
## Need Help with Pumps?
Please contact our experts for assistance.
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