Water supply and drainage design of the pump selection examples
**Abstract:**
The selection of pumps in building water supply and drainage design plays a critical role. When choosing feed pumps, sewage pumps, and fire pumps, it is essential to consider the system characteristics, pump parameters, maintenance requirements, and other relevant factors. This paper discusses the pump selection process for a high-rise hotel project, focusing on practical applications and technical considerations.
**Keywords:** Feed pump, sewage pump, multi-outlet fire pump, pump selection
**1. Project Overview**
Located in the bustling commercial and financial center of Hangzhou, Sunny Hotel is situated in the heart of Jiefang Road, between the railway station and West Lake. The building consists of two underground floors, 21 above-ground floors, and two intermediate technical levels. It is a four-star hotel that integrates guest rooms, recreation, conference facilities, dining, and bars. With a total area of 32,000 square meters and a height of 75 meters, the building requires a reliable and efficient water supply and drainage system.
The hotel's water supply system includes the main building, the podium, the basement wastewater discharge system, and both fire hydrant and sprinkler systems. Proper pump selection is crucial for ensuring stable and safe operation. Pump performance, specifications, cost, and after-sales support directly affect the system’s long-term reliability and maintenance. During the design process, we conducted an analysis of pump parameters and evaluated real-world applications, ultimately selecting DL, QW, and XB series pumps. This paper presents our insights and experiences in pump selection for reference.
**2. Selection of Water Pumps**
The water supply system at Shangri-La Hotel in Shanghai uses an upward pumping method, where municipal water is supplied through two ring networks to the underground water tank. Pumps then elevate the water to the podium and rooftop tanks, allowing gravity to distribute it to the points of use. Pump operation is controlled by level controllers.
Using this approach ensures that the roof tank acts as an intermediary, maintaining a more consistent Q-H curve. As long as the pump meets the calculated Q-H value, it can operate efficiently. However, it is important to ensure that the selected pump's Q-H value does not exceed the design value by more than 5%. Based on these criteria, we selected 65DL32-15 × 3 and 80DL50-20 × 5 pumps for the podium and main building water supply systems, respectively.
**3. Selection of Sewage Pumps**
The hotel has several service areas, including a pump room, air-conditioning room, laundry room, restaurant, and bathrooms. To manage wastewater from the basement, a sewage collection pit was designed, with submersible sewage pumps used to lift the waste to the outdoor septic tank and municipal drainage network.
When selecting a sewage pump, it is important to consider the presence of fibrous materials in the wastewater, especially from toilets. These materials can easily clog the pump if not properly handled. After a thorough evaluation, we chose the 100QW series submersible sewage pump, which can handle objects up to 20 cm in size and features an automatic probe for overload, leakage, and short-circuit protection. This makes it ideal for basement wastewater systems.
Suction time is also a key factor in pump selection. Generally, the suction time should be no less than 5 minutes. In our design, we set the suction time to 10 minutes, with a reservoir volume of 5 m³. This allows the pump to start approximately twice per hour. The pool depth is typically around 1.2 meters, which provides sufficient capacity without overcomplicating the system.
**4. Selection of Fire Pumps**
As a high-rise building, Sunny Hotel must comply with the "Code for Design of High-Rise Civil Buildings." According to the code, the fire water demand includes:
- Outdoor fire hydrants: 30 L/s for 3 hours
- Indoor fire hydrants: 40 L/s for 3 hours
- Automatic sprinkler system: 30 L/s for 1 hour
The fire water supply system follows the "high regulation" principle, requiring zoning when the static pressure exceeds 0.8 MPa. For this project, a parallel water supply system was implemented.
Fire pump selection is critical in such systems. According to the code, one pump should be reserved for each system. Therefore, we planned for 8 high-capacity fire pumps—4 for the lower zone and 4 for the upper zone. However, a new type of multi-outlet fire pump was introduced, capable of supplying both high and low zones with just four units. This significantly reduces equipment costs and complexity.
Despite its advantages, there were some uncertainties regarding the pump's performance during simultaneous activation of high and low zone systems. To address this, we conducted a test on the "XB" series multi-outlet fire pump, evaluating its flow and head characteristics. The results showed that the pump’s Q-H curve is smooth and suitable for dual-zone operation. This makes it a reliable and economical choice for high-rise fire water supply systems.
**5. Conclusion**
In building water supply and drainage design, particularly for high-rise structures, each system has unique pump requirements. To ensure safe, efficient, and stable operation, the selection of pumps must consider their characteristics, parameters, application scope, manufacturer technology, and cost. For newly developed pumps, it is especially important to thoroughly understand their technical specifications to ensure the system operates reliably and economically.
Pressure Relief Valve,Hydraulic Pressure Relief Valve,Adjustable Pressure Relief Valve,Pilot Operated Pressure Relief Valve
Pressure relief/sustaining/back pressure valve can maintain the pressure of the upstream pipeline. It is a diaphragm type control valve controlled by hydraulic pressure of pipeline throught pressure relief pilot. The valve can be used for pressure relief, pressure sustaining, back pressure impact and other working conditions.
Pressure Relief Valve,Hydraulic Pressure Relief Valve,Adjustable Pressure Relief Valve,Pilot Operated Pressure Relief Valve
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